Twist -Shear Hom Siab- Lub Zog Bolts

Twist{0}}shear typesiab - lub zog bolts yog cov fasteners tseem ceeb feem ntau siv hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov qauv. Daim ntawv no muab cov ncauj lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws thiab kev tshuaj xyuas lawv cov qauv, kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb, thiab kev siv engineering: thawj zaug piav qhia txog lawv cov qauv thiab cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm, tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau hauv lawv qhov siab -cov yam ntxwv muaj zog, kev ua haujlwm seismic, thiab cov ntawv thov hauv engineering, thiab thaum kawg thov cov lus qhia txog kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm cov bolts los muab kev siv rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev xyaum.

Ntsiab lus: Twist-shear hom siab- lub zog bolts; Cov qauv kev sib txuas; mechanical zog; kev siv engineering; txoj kev txhim kho

1. Taw qhia

Raws li qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws fasteners nyob rau hauv lub tshuab thiab kev tsim kho teb, bolts yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nodes ntawm ntau yam qauv. Twist-shear hom siab- lub zog bolts yog cov khoom sib txuas tau zoo tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv ib txwm siv. Nrog cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm "kev tswj hwm lub zog, kev sib txuas siab kev ntseeg siab, lub zog siab, thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm seismic", lawv tau dhau los ua txoj kev sib txuas tseem ceeb hauv cov teb xws li cov qauv hlau thiab cov tshuab hnyav, thiab tau txais kev saib xyuas zoo hauv engineering xyaum thiab kev kawm tshawb fawb hauv xyoo tas los. Cov ntawv no tau txheeb xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv, kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb, thiab kev siv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev sib tw -shear hom siab- lub zog bolts, qhia meej txog lawv cov kev ua tau zoo, thiab txheeb xyuas cov kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej nrog rau kev tsim kho kev lag luam, muab kev txhawb nqa theoretical rau lawv cov kev siv engineering dav.

2. Cov Qauv thiab Cov Cai Ua Haujlwm ntawm Twist-Shear Hom Siab-Lub Zog Bolts

Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm twist-shear hom siab- lub zog bolts suav nrog lub cev lub cev, txiv ntseej, thiab lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws. Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm lawv cov qauv thiab cov tsoos siab - lub zog bolts nyob rau hauvtshwj xeeb twist-shear notch ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub cev ntsia liaj qhov rooj-tsis yog "ntau qhov twist-shear parts". Qhov no yog qhov tsis muaj zog txuas txuas rau lub taub hau ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab lub shank, thiab nws tus ntoo khaub lig -sectional lub zog yog tsim los kom phim lub pre-tightening torque ntawm lub bolt.

Nws txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm tau muab faib ua ob theem: "kev teeb tsa thiab nruj" thiab "load-cov kabmob". Thaum lub sij hawm installation, ib tug tshwj xeeb torque ciaj ntswj yog siv los clamp lub taub hau ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab lub hexagon socket lub taub hau thaum kawg, thiab ua ntej - zawm quab yuam yog tsim los ntawm kev siv torque rau lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj. Thaum lub torque ncav cuag qhov pib tsim, qhov kawg twist -shear notch yuav raug txiav tawm raws tus ntoo khaub lig predetermined -section. Lub sijhawm no, lub bolt ua ntej-tightening force tsuas yog ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, paub meej nruj ntawm "tswj lub zog los ntawm kev sib tsoo" thiab zam cov teeb meem ntawm qhov tsis txaus ua ntej- zawm quab yuam lossis dhau los ntawm kev tswj lub zog tsis raug ntawm cov tsoos bolts. Nyob rau hauv lub load-cov kabmob theem, lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj ua rau cov khoom sib txuas zoo sib xws los ntawm lub tensile pre{11}}tightening quab yuam ntawm lub shank, xa shear quab yuam los ntawm kev sib txhuam ntawm cov khoom sib txuas, thiab lub shank nws tus kheej tuaj yeem pab txhawb nqa ib feem ntawm cov shear load, tsim "kev sib txhuam{12} kev sib txuas ua haujlwm zoo" kev ntseeg tau.

3. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm Twist-Shear Hom Siab-Lub zog Bolts

3.1 Siab -Kev Ua Tau Zoo

Twist-shear hom siab- lub zog bolts feem ntau yog ua los ntawm siab- zoo alloy structural steel xws li 42CrMoA. Tom qab quenching thiab tempering kev kho cua sov (quenching + high -temperature tempering), lawv cov qib zog feem ntau mus txog Qib 10.9 lossis siab dua, thiab cov khoom siv hauv qee qhov tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem ncav cuag Qib 12.9. Lawv lub zog tensile tsis tsawg dua 1000MPa, thiab lawv lub zog shear yog 1.5-2 npaug ntawm cov qib 8.8 zoo tib yam bolts, uas tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm siab -load kev sib txuas scenarios xws li steel qauv beam-kem pob qij txha thiab choj steel thawv girders. Piv nrog rau cov tsoos siab - lub zog bolts, lawv qhov zoo yog tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv zog tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv cov kabmob stability coj los ntawm "precise control of pre-tightening force"- zam qhov teeb meem ntawm ib nrab ntsia liaj qhov rooj overload thiab ib nrab bolt tsis ua hauj lwm los ntawm discrete pre-tightening quab yuam.

3.2 Seismic Performance

Lub seismic kom zoo dua ntawm twist-shear hom siab- lub zog bolts stems los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm "precise pre-tightening + flexible bearing": ntawm ib sab, lub precise pre-tightening force ua rau cov khoom sib txuas zoo sib xws. Txawm tias nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm seismic cyclic loads, shear force tuaj yeem kis tau zoo los ntawm kev sib txhuam ntawm qhov chaw sib cuag, txo cov shear deformation ntawm lub bolt nws tus kheej; Ntawm qhov tod tes, quenching thiab tempering kho ntawm lub cev ntsia liaj qhov rooj muab nws lub zog siab thiab zoo toughness. Raws li qhov cuam tshuam los ntawm av qeeg, nws tuaj yeem nqus tau lub zog los ntawm kev hloov pauv me ntsis kom tsis txhob tawg tawg. Cov ntaub ntawv ntsuam xyuas cuam tshuam qhia tau hais tias steel qauv pob qij txha siv twist-shear hom siab- lub zog bolts tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv cov av qeeg, thiab tsuas yog me ntsis yas deformation ntawm bolts tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tsawg av qeeg. Tag nrho seismic kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov pob qij txha yog txhim kho los ntawm ntau tshaj 30% piv nrog cov tsoos bolted kev sib txuas, uas tuaj yeem txo cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov qauv thiab ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov qauv.

4. Daim ntawv thov ntawm Twist-Shear Hom Siab-Lub zog Bolts

Nrog rau lawv qhov zoo ntawm kev nruj nruj, siab zog, thiab seismic tsis kam, twist-shear hom siab- lub zog bolts tau dhau los ua cov nyiam fasteners hauv cov teb uas xav tau kev sib txuas siab. Cov xwm txheej ntawm kev thov ib txwm muaj xws li:

Lub tsev steel qauv: xws li beam-kem pob qij txha ntawm siab- nce lub tsev steel thav duab, crane beam kev sib txuas ntawm steel qauv rhiav, thiab node kev sib txuas ntawm loj -span spatial structures, kom ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv nyob rau hauv cua loads thiab seismic loads;

Choj engineering: siv rau steel box girder splicing, kev sib txuas ntawm choj piers thiab cap beams, thiab steel qauv nodes ntawm cables - nyob twj ywm choj towers, adapting rau complex quab yuam ntawm choj nyob rau hauv lub tsheb dynamic loads thiab kub hloov;

Heavy machinery: xws li thav duab kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuab mining, ntauwd flange kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cua, thiab thauj khoom -cov kabmob sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv hlau, cov kabmob siab thiab kev vibration loads;

Rail Transit: suav nrog railway steel txuas hniav thiab steel qauv txhawb kev sib txuas ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau hauv nroog, ua tau raws li cov kev cai nruj ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau rau kev sib txuas kom raug thiab kav ntev.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias xws li bolts tsis haum rau ntev - lub sij hawm siab - kub (dhau 300 degree) los yog muaj zog corrosion ib puag ncig. Yog tias lawv yuav tsum tau siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov khoom siv tiv thaiv corrosion ntxiv (xws li Dacromet, zinc infiltration, thiab lwm yam) thiab kub - cov ntaub ntawv alloy resistant yuav tsum tau saws.

5. Kev Txhim Kho Cov Lus Qhia ntawm Twist-Shear Hom Siab-Lub Zog Bolts

5.1 Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb

Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, kev tsom xam yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv kev tsim ob hom khoom: ib qho yog "ultra{0}}siab zog thiab corrosion-resistant alloys". Kev sib txuas cov tshuab microalloying thiab cov txheej txheem kho saum npoo, lub zog tau nce mus rau Qib 14.9 raws li qib 12.9 uas twb muaj lawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tiv thaiv corrosion hauv cov huab cua hauv hiav txwv thiab thaj chaw muaj kev txhim kho corrosion yog txhim kho los ntawm kev ntxiv chromium, npib tsib xee cov ntsiab lus los yog siv chromium-cov txheej txheem dawb; Qhov thib ob yog "cov ntaub ntawv sib zog", tshawb txog kev siv cov titanium alloys thiab siab -lub zog stainless hlau hauv twist-shear type bolts kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub teeb yuag thiab siab-kev huv huv xws li aerospace thiab cov khoom siv kho mob.

5.2 Kev tsim qauv thiab txheej txheem optimization

Cov lus qhia kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws muaj xws li: tsim cov kev sib txawv ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig-section twist-shear notches kom lub zog noj ntawm bolts ntau dua qub thaum lub sij hawm installation thiab shearing, ntxiv txhim kho kev tswj qhov tseeb ntawm pre-tightening force; tsim ib qho kev tsim qauv nrog "anti-loosing qauv", integrating anti-loosing washers thaum kawg ntawmboltshloov mus rau mechanical scenarios nrog nquag vibrations. Cov txheej txheem optimization tsom mus rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev siv tshuab txias thiab kev kho cua sov. Los ntawm kev tswj hwm lub taub hau txias deformation kom txo cov khoom siv sab hauv kev ntxhov siab, ua ke nrog segmented quenching thiab tempering kev kho mob, qhov sib xws ntawm cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj kev ua tau zoo dua qub, thiab cov seem seem hauv cov txheej txheem tsim tau raug txo.

5.3 Kev Txhim Kho Ntawm Cov lej Simulation thiab Test System

Nrog kev pab los ntawm finite element tsom xam (FEA) thev naus laus zis, tsim kom muaj tag nrho - lub neej voj voog tus lej qauv ntawm bolts los ntawm "installation thiab shearing" mus rau "load-bearing", simulate txoj cai degradation ntawm bolts nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv kub thiab corrosion ib puag ncig, thiab muab theoretical hauv paus rau xaiv nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb scenarios; nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txhim kho cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam. Ntxiv nrog rau cov qauv tensile thiab shear tests, ntxiv "kev ntsuam xyuas lub neej qaug zog" thiab "corrosion-kev qaug zog coupling test", thiab tsim ib txoj kev ntsuas lub neej raws li kev ntseeg tau, rhuav tshem qhov kev txwv tam sim no ntawm kev cia siab rau cov ntaub ntawv empirical thiab muab kev txhawb nqa kev tshawb fawb ntxiv rau kev siv engineering.

6. Cov lus xaus

Twist -shear hom siab- lub zog bolts yog cov qauv kev sib txuas ua haujlwm tau zoo ua ke nrog "ntxuav nruj, siab zog, thiab siab seismic resistance". Lawv qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb yog kom ua tiav kev tswj hwm ntawm pre-tightening force los ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb twist-shear qauv, daws cov ntsiab lus mob tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsoos bolted sib txuas. Tam sim no, lawv tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam xws li kev tsim kho, txuas hniav, thiab cov tshuab hnyav, ua cov khoom tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau siab -load thiab siab - kev sib txuas kev ntseeg tau.

Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, lub ntsiab txoj kev loj hlob ntawm twist -shear hom siab- lub zog bolts yuav ua tau "siab zog + zoo corrosion kuj" los ntawm kev kho kom zoo dua cov ntaub ntawv, txhim kho installation efficiency thiab bearing stability los ntawm cov qauv thiab cov txheej txheem optimization, thiab txhim kho cov kev ua tau zoo kev soj ntsuam system los ntawm cov zauv simulation thiab xeem kev tshawb fawb. Nrog rau kev ua tiav ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no, lawv daim ntawv thov scenarios yuav nthuav dav ntxiv mus rau ntau qhov hnyav xws li marine engineering thiab aerospace, muab kev ruaj ntseg txuas ntxiv lav rau siab -kawg cov cuab yeej tsim khoom thiab kev tsim vaj tsev loj.